BEEF PRODUCER ATTITUDES TO COORDINATION AND QUALITY ASSURANCE IN CANADA AND THE UK

Livestock Production/Industries,

Pulsar timing noise and the minimum observation time to detect gravitational waves with pulsar timing arrays

The sensitivity of pulsar timing arrays to gravitational waves is, at some level, limited by timing noise. Red timing noise - the stochastic wandering of pulse arrival times with a red spectrum - is prevalent in slow-spinning pulsars and has been identified in many millisecond pulsars. Phenomenological models of timing noise, such as from superfluid turbulence, suggest that the timing noise spectrum plateaus below some critical frequency, $f_c$, potentially aiding the hunt for gravitational waves. We examine this effect for individual pulsars by calculating minimum observation times, $T_{\rm min}(f_c)$, over which the gravitational wave signal becomes larger than the timing noise plateau. We do this in two ways: 1) in a model-independent manner, and 2) by using the superfluid turbulence model for timing noise as an example to illustrate how neutron star parameters can be constrained. We show that the superfluid turbulence model can reproduce the data qualitatively from a number of pulsars observed as part of the Parkes Pulsar Timing Array. We further show how a value of $f_c$, derived either through observations or theory, can be related to $T_{\rm min}$. This provides a diagnostic whereby the usefulness of timing array pulsars for gravitational-wave detection can be quantified.Comment: Accepted for publication in MNRA

Reading the local paper: Social and cultural functions of the local press in Preston, Lancashire, 1855-1900

This thesis demonstrates that the most popular periodical genre of the second half of the nineteenth century was the provincial newspaper. Using evidence from news rooms, libraries, the trade press and oral history, it argues that the majority of readers (particularly working-class readers) preferred the local press, because of its faster delivery of news, and because of its local and localised content. Building on the work of Law and Potter, the thesis treats the provincial press as a national network and a national system, a structure which enabled it to offer a more effective news distribution service than metropolitan papers. Taking the town of Preston, Lancashire, as a case study, this thesis provides some background to the most popular local publications of the period, and uses the diaries of Preston journalist Anthony Hewitson as a case study of the career of a local reporter, editor and proprietor. Three examples of how the local press consciously promoted local identity are discussed: Hewitson’s remoulding of the Preston Chronicle, the same paper’s changing treatment of Lancashire dialect, and coverage of professional football. These case studies demonstrate some of the local press content that could not practically be provided by metropolitan publications. The ‘reading world’ of this provincial town is reconstructed, to reveal the historical circumstances in which newspapers and the local paper in particular were read. Evidence from readers demonstrates the many ways in which they used the local press, both collectively and individually, including its use in sustaining local identities and sense of place. However, the local press was only one factor among many in the development and sustenance of local identities. The originality of the thesis lies in its introduction of empirical reading evidence into English newspaper history, its challenge to the taken-for-granted but problematic concepts of ‘local’ and ‘national’ newspapers in this period, its detailed study of the journalistic techniques used to capitalise on local patriotism, and its critique of many theories of nineteenth-century press history which have been based on a minority of the period’s newspapers, those published in London

(I)MAGESOUND(S): Expanded audiovisual practice

(I)MAGESOUND(S) is a collaborative audiovisual project led by artist Jim Hobbs and composer Andrew Hill. It seeks to bring together the practices of experimental film and electroacoustic music to create live, expanded audiovisual performances. The goals of the project are to combine, share and reflect upon creative practice through the creation of expanded cinema events exploring the materiality of sound and light. To this end, here we describe two works developed as part of this project: Vientos Fuertes by Jim Hobbs and Projections by Andrew Hill

Moonlight drives ocean-scale mass vertical migration of zooplankton during the Arctic winter

The creation of the pan-Arctic archive of ADCP data was supported by the UK Natural Environment Research Council (NERC) (Panarchive: NE/H012524/1 and SOFI: NE/F012381/1) as was mooring work in Svalbard (Oceans 2025 and Northern Sea Program). Moorings were also supported by the Research Council of Norway (NFR) projects: Circa (214271), Cleopatra (178766), Cleopatra II (216537), and Marine Night (226471).In extreme high-latitude marine environments that are without solar illumination in winter, light-mediated patterns of biological migration have historically been considered non-existent [1]. However, diel vertical migration (DVM) of zooplankton has been shown to occur even during the darkest part of the polar night, when illumination levels are exceptionally low [2 and 3]. This paradox is, as yet, unexplained. Here, we present evidence of an unexpected uniform behavior across the entire Arctic, in fjord, shelf, slope and open sea, where vertical migrations of zooplankton are driven by lunar illumination. A shift from solar-day (24-hr period) to lunar-day (24.8-hr period) vertical migration takes place in winter when the moon rises above the horizon. Further, mass sinking of zooplankton from the surface waters and accumulation at a depth of ∼50 m occurs every 29.5 days in winter, coincident with the periods of full moon. Moonlight may enable predation of zooplankton by carnivorous zooplankters, fish, and birds now known to feed during the polar night [4]. Although primary production is almost nil at this time, lunar vertical migration (LVM) may facilitate monthly pulses of carbon remineralization, as they occur continuously in illuminated mesopelagic systems [5], due to community respiration of carnivorous and detritivorous zooplankton. The extent of LVM during the winter suggests that the behavior is highly conserved and adaptive and therefore needs to be considered as “baseline” zooplankton activity in a changing Arctic ocean [6, 7, 8 and 9].Publisher PDFPeer reviewe

Gestalt und Bewegung

A collaborative performance and exhibition event which took place within the building complex ZKM Centre for Media Art ( https://zkm.de ) in association with HFG Karlsruhe ( http://beta.hfg-karlsruhe.de// ) This film and sound event brought together Jim Hobbs and Andrew Hill with a group of young artists from the HFG to present an event of Expanded Cinema, featuring experimental film, projections, light performance, post-acousmatic music, installations and sound

Characterizing gas film conduction for particle- particle and particle-wall collisions

Heat transfer in granular media is an important mechanism in many industrial applications. For some applications conduction is an important mode of heat transfer. Several models have been proposed to describe particle scale conduction both between particles (particle-particle) and with walls (particle-wall). Within these conduction models are several distinct modes: conduction through physical contact (macro-contact), conduction through surface roughness (micro-contacts), and conduction through the stagnant gas film surrounding each particle (particle-fluid-particle or particle- fluid-wall). While these models have been developed and verified in literature, the relationship between the conduction heat transfer coefficient and key parameters is not immediately obvious. This is especially true for gas film conduction. In this work we investigate gas film conduction for particle- particle and particle-wall collisions via DEM simulations using a well-established gas film model to determine the behavior of the heat transfer coefficient as a function of the separation distance and particle size. With a better understanding of the gas film heat transfer coefficient, we propose a simplified model that captures the same response but is easier to understand and significantly more computationally efficient